题目中有两方面信息用于配对,一方面是专有名词,如人名,地名或是时间以及其他的专有名词;
另一方面是一些某个人的言论(statements),观点(opinion),评论(comment),研究成果(findings)也可能是一些事件的描述。因为人名和其相关信息进行匹配的题型出题率最大,因此这类题型统称为人名观点配对题。
其乱序的命题特点让考生无所适从,不断徘徊在原文和题目之间,而最终导致了大量阅读时间浪费和误读情况的发生。但此类题型真正考察的就是人名对应的几句话,因此解决此题的关键是要找到人名到底说了几句话。
A方法
01
注意人名不要找漏,人名在原文中一般有以下几种方式:
a.第一次出现全称大写并伴有身份介绍,例如 Mark Pagel;
b.姓(surname),例如 Pagel;
c.人称代词(he/she);
d.姓出现在括号里。
02
用人名定位,定位到原文后,精读人名所在的句子以及前后的句子
人说的话即是人的观点,此题考查点表现形式有以下几种:
a.直接引语:人名旁的引号里的内容。
例如:
‘Even two or three percent is huge,’says John Byers of Idaho University. ‘You just don‘t find animals wasting energy like that,’he adds. (剑423 play is a serious business)
b.间接引语:表达观点的动词所引导的宾语从句或表达观点的名词所引导的同位语从句;观点类动词或名词如insist,argue,report,comment,belief等。
例如:
Robert Barton of Durham University believes that,because large brains are more sensitive to developmental stimuli than smaller brains,they require more play to help mould them for adulthood. (剑423 play is a serious business)
C.according to sb,根据某人所说的话,后面即是此人的观点。
例如:
According to Byers, the timing of the playful stage in young animals provides an
important clue to what is going on. (剑423 play is a serious business)
d.APA 论文格式,即在观点最后有包含观点或实验出处的括号,括号里是学者的“姓”和论文发表的年代。
例如:
For example,a very close positive relationship was found when children‘s IQ scores were compared with their home educational provision(Freeman,2010)(剑1022 Gifted children and learning)
03
在定位之前,对题目中观点的长信息部分进行关键词的预处理,目的是为了找到每个观点长信息的独特之处以及简化信息内容(提取核心信息),用来确定和原文中观点句内容表达一致的内容。
依次读长信息,采用“3画3不画”原则:
不画主题词,不画信息之间的同类词以及不画常见词;
画出方向性词,画出有实际意义的名词,动词或形容词以及画出时间概念词;
1.Less time can be spent on exercises with gifted pupils who produce accurate work.
2.Self-reliance is a valuable tool that helps gifted students reach their goals.
3.Gifted children know how to channel their feelings to assist their learning.
4.The very gifted child benefits from appropriate support from close relatives.
5.Really successful students have learnt a considerable amount about their subject.
(题干长信息分析)
(1)题关键词:画出less time(方向性词) ,exercises(具体意义名词),accurate work(方向性词);不画gifted pupils(文章主题词)
(2)题关键词:画出self-reliance(具体意义名词),valuable tool(方向性词); 不画gifted students (文章主题词) reach their goals(信息重复词)
(3)题关键词:画出feelings(具体意义名词),不画gifted children(主题词),assist their learning(信息重复词)
(4)题关键词:画出support(反向性词),close relatives (具体名词);不画the very gifted child(主题词)benefit(重复词)
(5)题关键词:画出subject(具体名词),a considerable amount(方向性词);不画really successful students (主题词)
总结词:
提取核心信息能力是雅思阅读考察的能力之一,如何有效练习,先从审题开始。今天的“3画3不画”你们学会了么?